Note publique d'information : A LA VEILLE DE L'IMPLANTATION COLONIALE, LES FEMMES JOUAIENT UN ROLE IMPORTANT DANS
LE SYSTEME DE PRODUCTION DU FAIT QUE L'AGRICULTURE REPOSAIT ESSENTIELLEMENT ENTRE
LEURS MAINS. LEUR FONCTION DE GENITRICE LES PLACAIT AU CENTRE DE TOUT LE JEU SOCIAL.
SE FONDANT SUR LES VALEURS CULTURELLES DE SA SOCIETE, LE COLONISATEUR A VOULU RELEGUER
LES FEMMES AU FOYER. MAIS POUR FAIRE FACE AUX PROBLEMES DE RENOUVELLEMENT DE LA MAIN-D'OEUVRE,
DE RAVITAILLEMENT DES VILLES ET DES CHANTIERS, A L'IMPOT, ETC, IL A DU SE TOURNER
VERS ELLES. LA COLONISATION A GENERALISE L'EXCLUSION DES FEMMES DE LA VIE PUBLIQUE
ET PROVOQUE LEUR DECLASSEMENT ECONOMIQUE. C'EST A LA FIN DES ANNEES 30 ET SURTOUT
AU LENDEMAIN DE LA SECONDE GUERRE MONDIALE QU'ONT ETE ENGAGEES DES ACTIONS CARACTERISANT
LE CHANGEMENT DANS LA POLITIQUE COLONIALE EN FAVEUR DES FEMMES. LE DEVELOPPEMENT DE
LA SCOLARISATION FEMININE, L'ACCES AUX ACTIVITES PROFESSIONNELLES SALARIEES ONT CONTRIBUE
A MODIFIER, LE MODE DE VIE DES FEMMES ET LA CONCEPTION DE LEUR PLACE DANS LA SOCIETE.
C'EST LA VILLE QUI A CONSTITUE LE CREUSET DE L'EMANCIPATION FEMININE. LA DESTABILISATION
DES VALEURS TRADITIONNELLES ET LE CONTACT AVEC LA CULTURE OCCIDENTALE ONT SUSCITE,
CHEZ LES JEUNES FEMMES PRINCIPALEMENT, DES ASPIRATIONS NOUVELLES QUANT AUX RAPPORTS
ENTRE LES SEXES, DES BESOINS NOUVEAUX EN MATIERE D'HABILLEMENT, DE LOISIRS, ETC. ON
NE SAURAIT CONCLURE PEREMPTOIREMENT QUE LA COLONISATION A AMELIORE OU DETERIORE LA
CONDITION FEMININE. LES TRANSFORMATIONS SONT POSITIVES DANS CERTAINS DOMAINES ET NEGATIVES
DANS D'AUTRES.
Note publique d'information : ON THE EVE OF COLONIAL SETTLING, WOMEN USED TO PLAY A MAJOR ROLE IN THE PRODUCTION
BECAUSE AGRICULTURE WAS ESSENTIELLY PART OF THEIR TASK. THEIR REPRODUCTIVE FUNCTION
HAD PLACED THEM RIGHT IN THE MIDDLE OF THE SOCIAL INTERPLAY. BASING THEMSELVES ON
THE CULTURAL VALUES OF THEIR OWN SOCIETY, THE COLONIZERS THOUGHT IT WAS BETTER TO
RELEGATE WOMEN TO THE SIMPLE ROLE OF HOUSEWIVES. SO THEY DECIDED TO CONSIDER THE IMPORTANCE
OF WOMEN ONLY FOR THE REPLACEMENT OF WORKFORCE, THE PROVIDING OF THE TOWNS AND THE
SITES OF FRESH SUPPLIES, INCOME, ETC. THEREFORE, COLONISATION DID GENERALIZE THE EXCLUSION
OF WOMEN FROM PUBLIC LIFE AND DID CAUSE THEIR ECONOMIC DOWNGRADING. IT WAS IN THE
END OF THE 1930S, PARTICULARY SOON AFTER THE SECOND WORLD WAR THAT THE ACTIONS HAD
BEEN TAKEN IN THE COLONIAL POLICY IN FAVOUR OF WOMEN. THE EXPANSION OF GIRL'S SCHOOLING
AND THE ACCES TO OCCUPATIONAL PAID ACTIVITIES CONTRIBUTED TO MODIFYING THE WOMEN'S
WAY OF LIFE AND THE CONCEVING OF THEIR POSITION IN THE SOCIETY. THE TOWN HAD BEEN
THE TEST FOR WOMEN'S LIBERATION. THE DESTABILIZATION OF TRADITIONAL VALUES AND THE
CONTACT WITH EUROPEAN CULTURE AROUSED ASPIRATIONS AFTER A MODIFICATION IN THE RELATIONS
BETWEEN OPPOSITE SEXES AND NEW NEEDS AS FOR AS LEISURE AND CLOTHES WERE CONCERNED
FOR YOUNGER WOMEN ESPECIALLY. IT CANNOT BE ASSERTED BLUNTLY THAT THE COLONIZATION
HAS BETTERED OR WORSENED WOMEN'S CONDITION. CHANGES ARE POSITIVE IN CERTAIN FIELDS
AND ARE PROVED NEGATIVE IN THE OTHERS.
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